Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion, shown for example as an increase in the proinsulin-to-insulin ratio. Insulin production from beta-cells has shown to be stimulated by insulin itself through beta-cell specific insulin receptors.
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According to WHO, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) kill more people each year than any other disease. The extensive occurrence of CVD is directly related to lifestyle with high blood pressure, obesity and diabetes being considered among major risk factors.
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